The Relation between Socioeconomic Development and Democratization in Contemporary Turkey

This article investigates the relation between socioeconomic development and democratization in contemporary Turkey with reference to modernization theory. Based on studies showing that there is a positive correlation between socioeconomic modernization and democratization, it is argued that the relatively increased level of socioeconomic modernization in contemporary Turkey has created a more conducive environment for further democratization and democratic consolidation. In this regard, Turkey's GDP per capita, income distribution (Gini coefficient), level of industrialization and urbanization, educational attainment, and human development index (HDI) are analyzed in terms of their influence on democratization.

Taking into account Turkey's increased level of socioeconomic development, EU‐based reforms, and recent Freedom House ratings, it is argued that Turkey could be getting closer to democratic consolidation.