India ahead of the 2024 elections

Summary:

From 19 April to 1 June 2024, 968 million Indian voters are eligible to elect the members of the Lok Sabha (lower house). Voting is to take more than six weeks in seven phases across states and territories, concluding with a final round on 1 June; the votes are set to be counted on 4 June. Since 1999, elections to the Lok Sabha have coincided with those for the European Parliament. In 2023, India overtook China as the world's most populous country. The government has been able to lower India's poverty rate substantially through efficient delivery of welfare schemes, while other layers of Indian society have steadily improved their situation since Narendra Modi became Prime Minister in 2014. Inequality has not improved significantly, however, and job creation is lagging. India is one of the world's fastest growing economies, and the Modi government has set the goal of becoming a developed country by 2047, the centenary of Indian independence. However, analysts argue that India's economic growth has failed to create the necessary stock of employment, especially for young people.

In recent years, India has undergone a major digital transformation. With the landing on the moon in August 2023, India also consolidated its status as a space power. Analysts have expressed concern about the situation of India's democracy and human rights. This includes the revocation of Jammu and Kashmir's autonomy, violence and discrimination against Muslims and members of other religious minorities, the rise of Hindu nationalism and abandonment of the country's traditional secularist posture, and the legislation on telecommunications. The year 2023 was an important moment for India's foreign policy and its pursuit of global recognition and growing international stature. India hosted the G-20 Summit, championing the cause of the 'Global South' while projecting India's global leadership. Modi also proposed to host the COP33 Summit in 2028, highlighting New Delhi's commitment to fighting climate change. The EU is India's second largest trading partner and their cooperation is increasing; recently, an EU-India Connectivity Partnership and an EU-India Trade and Technology Council were added. They are currently negotiating three agreements, on free trade, investment protection and geographical indications.

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