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Abstract:
Traditional measures of economic activity, such as GDP, take no account of damage done to the stock of natural capital by environmental change nor the loss of welfare that economic activity causes through increased pollution. This book predominantly addresses the second question and develops and expands on previous research by the authors (Markandya and Pavan, 1999).
Using spatially desegregated data on measures of pollution to derive economic damage estimates, the main purpose of the book is to gauge the environmental damage sustained as a result of economic activities and to offer an insight into how the information generated can be used in conjunction with conventional economic accounts. The first few chapters review recent developments in both green accounting and pathway analysis. The book goes on to evaluate the progress made in estimating dose response functions and valuing environmental damages. The authors discuss the methodology used for the estimation of damages caused by ambient air pollution and the cost of defensive expenditures. They also present the results of the analysis and draw important policy conclusions for environmental accounting, particularly in the EU.
This book will be essential reading for environmental economists, particularly those interested in issues of environmental accounting.
Contents:
Part I: Developments in Methodology
1. Introduction and Project Objectives - Anil Markandya and Marialuisa Tamborra
2. Developments in Green Accounting - Anil Markandya, Alistair Hunt and Ian Milborrow
3. Developments in Pathway Analysis - Paul Watkiss, Mike Holland and Katie King
4. Updates to Exposure–Response Functions - Fintan Hurley, David Howard, Paul Watkiss and Mike Holland
5. Developments in Valuation - Anil Markandya, Alistair Hunt, Paul Watkiss and Fintan Hurley
6. The Methodology for the Estimation of Impacts and Damage Costs Caused by Ambient Air Pollution - Bert Droste-Franke, Wolfram Krewitt, Rainer Friedrich and Alfred Trukenmüller
7. Defensive Expenditures - Marialuisa Tamborra, Marcella Pavan, Anil Markandya and Alistair Hunt
Part II: Results
8. Estimates of Damage Costs from Air Pollution to Human Health, Crops and Materials - Bert Droste-Franke, Wolfram Krewitt, Rainer Friedrich, Alfred Trukenmüller, Marialuisa Tamborra, Gianluca Crapanzano, Marcella Pavan, Paul Watkiss, Mike Holland, Katie King, Anil Markandya, Ian Milborrow, Alistair Hunt, Onno Kuik, Kees Dorland, Frank A. Spaninks and John F.M. Helming
9. Attribution of Air Damages to Countries and Economic Sectors of Origin - Bert Droste-Franke, Wolfram Krewitt, Rainer Friedrich and Alfred Trukenmüller
10. Developments in Estimation of Damages to Crops - Onno Kuik, Kees Dorland, Frank A. Spaninks and John F.M. Helming
11. Forest and Ecosystem Damages - Ursula Triebswetter and Marialuisa Tamborra
12. Valuation of Water - Gianluca Crapanzano, Marcella Pavan and Alistair Hunt
13. Damages to Land - Paul Watkiss, Mike Holland, Katie King and Alistair Hunt
14. Marginal Cost Estimates of Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Richard S.J. Tol, Samuel Fankhauser, Onno Kuik and Joel B. Smith
15. Environmental Expenditures - Marialuisa Tamborra and Marcella Pavan
Part III: Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
16. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations - Anil Markandya and Marialuisa Tamborra
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