European Parliament recommendation following the investigation of alleged contraventions and maladministration in the application of Union law in relation to the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware

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Series Details 2023/2500(RSP)
Publication Date 23/01/2024
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Summary:

Recommendation adopted by the plenary of the European Parliament on 15 June 2023, following an investigation carried out on alleged contraventions and maladministration in the application of EU law in relation to the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware.

Further information:

A number of civil society organisations and journalists revealed in 2021 that government bodies in several countries had used Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware against journalists, politicians, law enforcement officials, diplomats, lawyers, business people, civil society actors and others, for political and even criminal purposes. The software had been developed by an Israeli company and used to breach mobile phones and extract data stored or processed by the target system.

The use of Pegasus poses a threat to the fundamental rights and principles enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (EU) as in the EU Treaties. It also raised questions around the effectiveness of EU export controls, human rights safeguards in the procurement of spyware from third countries, and foreign policy cooperation.

In March 2022, the European Parliament decided to set up a special committee of inquiry to investigate the use of Pegasus and other surveillance spyware, and whether this use has breached EU law and fundamental rights. The first committee meeting was held on 19 April, and the final report was adopted at committee level on 8 May 2023. The plenary of the European Parliament adopted the recommendations on 15 June 2023.

The report highlights the importance of the protection of privacy, the right to dignity, private and family life, freedom of expression and information, freedom of assembly and association, and the right to a fair trial. It stresses that breaches of these fundamental rights and freedoms are key in terms of respect for the common legal principles set out in the Treaties and that democracy itself is at stake, as the use of spyware on politicians, civil society and journalists has a chilling effect and severely affects the right to peaceful assembly, freedom of expression and public participation.

This Resolution strongly condemns the use of spyware by Member State governments and members of government authorities or state institutions for the purpose of monitoring, blackmailing, intimidating, manipulating and discrediting opposition members, critics and civil society, eliminating democratic scrutiny and the free press, manipulating elections and undermining the rule of law by targeting judges, prosecutors and lawyers for political purposes.

The recommendation was published in the Official Journal on 23 January 2024.

Source Link Link to Main Source http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/494/oj
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Related Links
Official
European Parliament: Legislative Observatory: Procedure File for Investigation of alleged contraventions and maladministration in the application of Union law in relation to the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware (2022/2077(INI)) https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/popups/ficheprocedure.do?lang=en&reference=2022/2077(INI)
European Parliament: Committees: Committee of Inquiry to investigate the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware (PEGA) https://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/en/pega/home/highlights
EPP EP Group: Newsroom, 14/03/2022: European Parliament takes action on Pegasus spyware: defending democracy and the rule of law https://www.eppgroup.eu/newsroom/european-parliament-takes-action-on-pegasus-spyware
European Parliament: Press Release, 19/04/2022: EP inquiry committee for Pegasus and other spyware launched https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20220412IPR27112/
S&D EP Group: Newsroom, 14/06/2023: Pegasus spyware inquiry – S&Ds call for strong EU regulation to prevent abuse by member states https://www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu/newsroom/pegasus-spyware-inquiry-sds-call-strong-eu-regulation-prevent-abuse-member-states
European Parliament: Press Release, 15/06/2023: Spyware: MEPs call for full investigations and safeguards to prevent abuse https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20230609IPR96217/
GUE/NGL EP Group: Newsroom, 15/06/2023: Pegasus: Parliament demands EU action on intrusive spyware https://left.eu/pegasus-parliament-demands-eu-action-on-intrusive-spyware/

News
Hungary Today, 13/01/2022: MEPs Propose Creation of Pegasus Committee of Inquiry https://hungarytoday.hu/pegasus-syware-sofware-invesitagion-ep-european-parliament-meps/
Politico, 09/02/2022: European Parliament to set up Pegasus inquiry https://www.politico.eu/article/european-parliament-to-set-up-pegasus-inquiry/
EurActiv, 03/03/2022: EU Parliament to launch investigative committee on Pegasus spyware https://www.euractiv.com/section/digital/news/eu-parliament-to-launch-investigative-committee-on-pegasus-spyware/
Euronews, 19/04/2022: European Parliament begins investigation into Pegasus spyware as MEP hacks revealed https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2022/04/19/european-parliament-begins-investigation-into-pegasus-spyware-as-mep-hacks-revealed
Politico, 20/05/2022: Pegasus’ complex structure hinders EU spyware probe https://www.politico.eu/article/europe-pegasus-spyware-eu-probe-nso/
Politico, 21/06/2022: Pegasus used by at least 5 EU countries, NSO Group tells lawmakers https://www.politico.eu/article/pegasus-use-5-eu-countries-nso-group-admit/
Politico, 07/07/2022: EU spyware inquiry fails to put Spain on list of fact-finding trips https://www.politico.eu/article/pedro-sanchez-spain-spyware-inquirys-visit-falls-flat-for-fear-of-embarrassment/
Le Monde, 18/07/2022: Pegasus: European Parliament committee seeks to prevent any new spyware abuses https://www.lemonde.fr/en/pixels/article/2022/07/18/pegasus-in-the-european-parliament-a-committee-to-ensure-that-spyware-abuses-do-not-happen-again_5990598_13.html
EurActiv, 01/09/2022: Political tensions delay hearing spyware-targeted MEPs at European Parliament https://www.euractiv.com/section/digital/news/political-tensions-delay-hearing-spyware-targeted-meps-at-european-parliament/
Politico, 21/09/2022: Poland ‘hiding’ from spyware inquiry, EU lawmakers warn https://www.politico.eu/article/poland-hiding-from-spyware-inquiry-eu-lawmakers-warn/
Politico, 04/10/2022: EU lawmakers clash over spyware inquiry visit to Greece https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-lawmakers-clash-over-spyware-inquiry-visit-to-greece/
EurActiv, 08/11/2022: Spyware systematically used by some EU governments, MEPs find https://www.euractiv.com/section/digital/news/spyware-systematically-used-by-some-eu-governments-meps-find/
Politico, 28/11/2022: EU spyware probe has a problem: Spain https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-spyware-probe-problem-spain-pedro-sanchez-margaritas-robles/
EurActiv, 24/01/2023: European Parliament to call for national, EU level changes over spyware https://www.euractiv.com/section/law-enforcement/news/european-parliament-to-call-for-national-eu-level-changes-over-spyware/
EurActiv, 09/05/2023: EU Parliament calls for ‘de facto moratorium’ on spyware https://www.euractiv.com/section/digital/news/eu-parliament-adopts-calls-for-de-facto-moratorium-on-spyware/
The Guardian, 09/05/2023: EU urged to tighten spyware safeguards in wake of Pegasus revelations https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/09/eu-parliament-report-calls-for-tighter-regulation-of-spyware

Commentary and Analysis
Osservatorio Balcani Caucaso Transeuropa, 28/04/2022: Surveillance and abuse: a European Parliament inquiry commission to shed light on the Pegasus scandal https://www.balcanicaucaso.org/eng/Areas/Europe/Surveillance-and-abuse-a-European-Parliament-inquiry-commission-to-shed-light-on-the-Pegasus-scandal-217019
European Digital Rights (EDRi): Resources, 09/05/2023: PEGA Committee does not go all the way on spyware regulation https://edri.org/our-work/pega-committee-does-not-go-all-the-way-on-spyware-regulation/
Amnesty International: News, 09/05/2023: EU: ‘Greater steps’ needed to protect rights after EU Parliament suggests regulating spyware https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/05/eu-greater-steps-needed-to-protect-rights-after-eu-parliament-suggests-regulating-spyware/
European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS): At a Glance, 07/06/2023: Investigation of the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_ATA(2023)747923

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