EFSA evaluates bacteriophages

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) was asked by the European Commission to provide advice on the use of bacteriophages on food of animal origin. In particular, it was asked to describe the mode of action of bacteriophages on food of animal origin (be it carcasses, meat and dairy products), and also if these have a continuous action in the final food. Bacteriophages are viruses which kill bacteria; they are naturally and abundantly present in the environment and, as a consequence, in food. In a recent opinion, EFSA’s BIOHAZ Panel concluded that under specific conditions, bacteriophages may be very effective in the elimination of specific pathogens from foods. However, based on data currently available in peer-reviewed scientific literature, the Panel could not conclude whether bacteriophages can protect against bacteria in case the food becomes re-contaminated.