Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU, (EU) 2016/797 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act)

Summary:

Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 - adopted by the co-legislators on 13 June 2024 - laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence. The Act is also known as the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act). It introduces amendments to Regulation (EC) No 300/2008, Regulation (EU) No 167/2013, Regulation (EU) 2018/858, Regulation (EU) 2019/2144, Directive 2014/90/EU, Directive (EU) 2016/797 and Directive (EU) 2020/1828. This is a text with EEA relevance.

Further information:

This Regulation lays down harmonised rules for the placing on the market, the putting into service, and the use of AI systems in the European Union (EU). It prohibits certain practices, and introduces specific requirements for high-risk AI systems as well as obligations for operators of such systems. It comprises harmonised transparency rules for certain AI systems, harmonised rules for the placing on the market of general-purpose AI models, rules on market monitoring, market surveillance, governance and enforcement. Finally, it introduces measures seeking to support innovation.

The purpose of this Act is to improve the functioning of the EU's single market and promote the uptake of human-centric and trustworthy AI, while ensuring a high level of protection of health, safety, fundamental rights enshrined in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, against the harmful effects of AI systems in the EU.

The draft law was adopted by the European Commission on 21 April 2021, as part of a legislative package on Artificial Intelligence (AI) overviewed by the Communication on Fostering a European approach to Artificial Intelligence. The Council of the European Union adopted its general approach to the proposal on 6 December 2022. The plenary of the European Parliament endorsed a negotiating position on 14 June 2023. An informal agreement between the co-legislators on a compromise text for this file was reached on 9 December. This was formally endorsed by the Parliament on 13 March 2024 and by the Council on 21 May. The Act was signed by the co-legislators on 13 June 2024 and published in the Official Journal on 12 July 2024.

Official

EUR-LEX: COM(2021)206: Proposal for a Regulation laying down harmonised rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and amending certain Union legislative acts https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=COM:2021:206:FIN

EUR-LEX: SWD(2021)84: Staff Working Document accompanying the Proposal - Impact Assessment https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=SWD:2021:84:FIN

EUR-LEX: SWD(2021)85: Staff Working Document accompanying the Proposal - Executive Summary of the Impact Assessment https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=SWD:2021:85:FIN

Publications Office of the EU: EU Law Tracker: Proposal for a Regulation laying down harmonised rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and amending certain Union legislative acts https://law-tracker.europa.eu/procedure/2021_106?lang=en

European Parliament: Legislative Observatory: Procedure File for Proposal on Artificial Intelligence Act (2021/0106(COD)) https://oeil.secure.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/popups/ficheprocedure.do?lang=en&reference=2021/0106(COD)

European Parliament: Legislative Train Schedule: Artificial intelligence act https://www.europarl.europa.eu/legislative-train/theme-a-europe-fit-for-the-digital-age/file-regulation-on-artificial-intelligence

General Secretariat of the Council (EU): Policies: Artificial intelligence https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/artificial-intelligence/

European Commission: DG Communications Networks, Content & Technology: Policies: AI Act https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai

European Commission: Press Release, 21/04/2021: Europe fit for the Digital Age: Commission proposes new rules and actions for excellence and trust in Artificial Intelligence https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_1682

European Commission: New rules for Artificial Intelligence – Questions and Answers (21 April 2021) https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/QANDA_21_1683

European Commission: Speech by Executive Vice-President Vestager at the press conference on fostering a European approach to Artificial Intelligence (21 April 2021) https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/speech_21_1866

European Parliament: Press Release, 24/01/2022: Artificial Intelligence Act: lead committees to launch joint work on 25 January https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20220119IPR21312/

Council of the European Union: Press Release, 06/12/2022: Artificial Intelligence Act: Council calls for promoting safe AI that respects fundamental rights https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/12/06/artificial-intelligence-act-council-calls-for-promoting-safe-ai-that-respects-fundamental-rights/

European Parliament: Press Release, 11/05/2023: AI Act: a step closer to the first rules on Artificial Intelligence https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20230505IPR84904/

European Parliament: Topics, 08/06/2023: EU AI Act: first regulation on artificial intelligence https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20230601STO93804/

European Parliament: Press Release, 14/06/2023: MEPs ready to negotiate first-ever rules for safe and transparent AI https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20230609IPR96212/

EPP EP Group: Newsroom, 08/12/2023: New EU rules for Artificial intelligence allow for innovation and regulate risks https://www.eppgroup.eu/newsroom/new-eu-rules-for-artificial-intelligence

European Parliament: Press Release, 09/12/2023: Artificial Intelligence Act: deal on comprehensive rules for trustworthy AI https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20231206IPR15699/

Council of the European Union: Press Release, 09/12/2023: Artificial intelligence act: Council and Parliament strike a deal on the first rules for AI in the world https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/12/09/artificial-intelligence-act-council-and-parliament-strike-a-deal-on-the-first-worldwide-rules-for-ai/

European Commission: Press Release, 09/12/2023: Commission welcomes political agreement on Artificial Intelligence Act https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_6473

European Commission: Statement by President von der Leyen on the political agreement on the EU AI Act (9 December 2023) https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_23_6474

European Parliament: Press Release,13/03/2024: Artificial Intelligence Act: MEPs adopt landmark law https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20240308IPR19015/

Council of the European Union: Press Release, 21/05/2024: Artificial intelligence (AI) act: Council gives final green light to the first worldwide rules on AI https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2024/05/21/artificial-intelligence-ai-act-council-gives-final-green-light-to-the-first-worldwide-rules-on-ai/

Irish Government: Press Release, 21/05/2024: Ministers welcome adoption of EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/c7fd8-ministers-welcome-adoption-of-eu-artificial-intelligence-ai-act/

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News

EurActiv: Topics: AI Act https://www.euractiv.com/topics/ai-act/

Euronews, 14/06/2023: MEPs endorse blanket ban on live facial recognition in public spaces, rejecting targeted exemptions https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2023/06/14/meps-endorse-blanket-ban-on-facial-recognition-in-public-spaces-rejecting-targeted-exempti

Euronews, 19/11/2023: EU AI Act: Germany, France and Italy reach agreement on the future of AI regulation in Europe https://www.euronews.com/next/2023/11/19/eu-ai-act-germany-france-and-italy-reach-agreement-on-the-future-of-ai-regulation-in-europ

Politico, 20/11/2023: Power grab by France, Germany and Italy threatens to kill EU’s AI bill https://www.politico.eu/article/france-germany-power-grab-kill-eu-blockbuster-ai-artificial-intelligence-bill/

Associated Press (AP News), 04/12/2023: Europe’s world-leading artificial intelligence rules are facing a do-or-die moment https://apnews.com/article/ai-act-artificial-intelligence-regulation-europe-06ab334caa97778770f5f57f4d904447

Euronews, 07/12/2023: Marathon talks in Brussels fail to reach deal on EU AI Act. But Friday offers new chance https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2023/12/07/marathon-eu-talks-fail-to-reach-deal-on-artificial-intelligence-act-but-friday-offers-new-

Euronews, 08/12/2023: Member states and MEPs strike deal on EU AI Act after drawn-out, intense talks https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2023/12/08/eu-countries-and-meps-strike-deal-on-artificial-intelligence-act-after-drawn-out-intense-t

BBC News, 09/12/2023: AI: EU agrees landmark deal on regulation of artificial intelligence https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-67668469

Reuters, 11/12/2023: Europe agrees landmark AI regulation deal https://www.reuters.com/technology/stalled-eu-ai-act-talks-set-resume-2023-12-08/

France24, 11/12/2023: AI Act: EU reaches 'historic' deal on regulating artificial intelligence https://www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/science/20231211-ai-act-eu-reaches-historic-deal-on-regulating-artificial-intelligence

Politico, 02/02/2024: EU countries strike deal on landmark AI rulebook https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-countries-strike-deal-ai-law-act-technology/

Le Monde, 03/02/2024: France agrees to ratify the EU Artificial Intelligence Act after seven months of resistance https://www.lemonde.fr/en/economy/article/2024/02/03/france-agrees-to-ratify-the-eu-artificial-intelligence-act-after-seven-months-of-opposition_6489701_19.html

Associated Press (AP News), 13/03/2024: Europe’s world-first AI rules get final approval from lawmakers https://apnews.com/article/ai-act-european-union-chatbots-155157e2be2e42d0f1acca33983d8c82

Le Monde, 13/03/2024: European Parliament adopts 'historic' AI Act https://www.lemonde.fr/en/european-union/article/2024/03/13/european-parliament-adopts-historic-ai-act_6615022_156.html

BBC News, 13/03/2024: MEPs approve world's first comprehensive AI law https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-68546450

Euronews, 13/03/2024: Lawmakers approve AI Act with overwhelming majority https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/03/13/lawmakers-approve-ai-act-with-overwhelming-majority

Reuters, 14/03/2024: Europe one step away from landmark AI rules after lawmakers' vote https://www.reuters.com/technology/eu-lawmakers-endorse-political-deal-artificial-intelligence-rules-2024-03-13/

Science Business, 14/03/2024: As the AI Act becomes law, concern about its impact spreads https://sciencebusiness.net/news/ai/ai-act-becomes-law-concern-about-its-impact-spreads

Deutsche Welle, 21/05/2024: EU signs off on artificial intelligence law https://p.dw.com/p/4g5xL

Reuters, 22/05/2024: Europe sets benchmark for rest of the world with landmark AI laws https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-countries-back-landmark-artificial-intelligence-rules-2024-05-21/

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Commentary and Analysis

Verfassungsblog: Tag: AI Act (AIA) https://verfassungsblog.de/tag/aia/

Future of Life Institute (FLI): EU Artificial Intelligence Act https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/

International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP): Resource Center: IAPP Topic Pages: EU AI Act https://iapp.org/resources/topics/eu-ai-act/

Taylor Wessing: Insights: Artificial Intelligence Act https://www.taylorwessing.com/en/insights-and-events/insights/artificial-intelligence-act

Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer: Freshfields TQ: Artificial Intelligence Act https://www.freshfields.com/en-gb/our-thinking/campaigns/technology-quotient/tech-and-platform-regulation/eu-digital-strategy/artificial-intelligence-act/

Deloitte: Pages: The EU AI Act – Overview and Resources https://www2.deloitte.com/ro/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/eu-ai-act-overview-resources.html

Amnesty International: Press Release, 21/04/2021: EU: Proposed legislation on artificial intelligence 'falls short' https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/eu-proposed-legislation-artificial-intelligence-falls-short

European Digital Rights (EDRi): Press Release, 09/12/2023: EU AI Act: Deal reached, but too soon to celebrate https://edri.org/our-work/eu-ai-act-deal-reached-but-too-soon-to-celebrate/

Social Europe, 11/12/2023: The AI Act: deregulation in disguise https://www.socialeurope.eu/the-ai-act-deregulation-in-disguise

Thomson Reuters: Legal Insights Europe, 12/12/2023: EU AI Act: The world’s first comprehensive laws to regulate AI https://legalsolutions.thomsonreuters.co.uk/blog/2023/12/12/ai-act-the-worlds-first-comprehensive-laws-to-regulate-ai/#regulating-ai-according-to-risk

White&Case: Alerts, 14/12/2023: Dawn of the EU's AI Act: political agreement reached on world's first comprehensive horizontal AI regulation https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/dawn-eus-ai-act-political-agreement-reached-worlds-first-comprehensive-horizontal-ai

Oxford University: Huuman Rights Hub, 15/01/2024: EU Artificial Intelligence Act Approved: What Remains Missing from this Compromise? https://ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/eu-artificial-intelligence-act-approved-what-remains-missing-from-this-compromise/

KPMG: Insights, February 2024: Decoding the EU Artificial Intelligence Act. Understanding the AI Act’s impact and how you can respond https://kpmg.com/dp/en/home/insights/2024/03/decoding-the-eu-ai-act.html

Hogan Lovells: Knowledge Services, 01/02/2024: The EU AI Act: an impact analysis (part 1) https://www.engage.hoganlovells.com/knowledgeservices/news/the-eu-ai-act-an-impact-analysis-part-1

Politico, 06/02/2024: The EU’s artificial intelligence rulebook, explained https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-artificial-intelligence-act-ai-technology-risk-rules/

Simmons&Simmons: Insights, 09/02/2024: The EU AI Act. The regulation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to develop https://www.simmons-simmons.com/en/publications/clsixo6nj0056ti9sb46qohpv/the-eu-ai-act-what-employment-lawyers-and-hr-personnel-need-to-know

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Article, 05/03/2024: AI and Product Safety Standards Under the EU AI Act https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2024/03/ai-and-product-safety-standards-under-the-eu-ai-act?lang=en¢er=global

Center for Data Innovation, 04/03/2024: The EU’s AI Act Creates Regulatory Complexity for Open-Source AI https://datainnovation.org/2024/03/the-eus-ai-act-creates-regulatory-complexity-for-open-source-ai/

Bruegel: Newsletter, 11/03/2024: The EU Artificial Intelligence Act: premature or precocious regulation? https://www.bruegel.org/newsletter/eu-artificial-intelligence-act-premature-or-precocious-regulation

Sky News: Explainer, 13/03/2024: What is the EU's new Artificial Intelligence Act - and will it impact the UK? https://news.sky.com/story/what-is-the-eus-new-artificial-intelligence-act-and-will-it-impact-the-uk-13093912

European Disability Forum (EDF), 13/03/2024: AI Act agreement: partial win on accessibility https://www.edf-feph.org/ai-act-agreement-partial-win-on-accessibility/

Creative Commons, 14/03/2024: EU adopts landmark Artificial Intelligence Act https://creativecommons.org/2024/03/14/eu-adopts-landmark-artificial-intelligence-act/

The Guardian: Explainer, 14/03/2024: What will the EU’s proposed act to regulate AI mean for consumers? https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/mar/14/what-will-eu-proposed-regulation-ai-mean-consumers

Ernst&Young (EY): Forensic & Integrity Services, 15/03/2024: The EU AI regulation is coming. What does it mean for you and your business in Switzerland? https://www.ey.com/en_ch/forensic-integrity-services/the-eu-ai-act-what-it-means-for-your-business

Holland&Knight: Insights, IP/Decode Blog, 15/03/2024: The European Union's AI Act: What You Need to Know https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2024/03/the-european-unions-ai-act-what-you-need-to-know

DLA Piper: Privacy Matters Blog, 25/04/2024: Europe: The EU AI Act’s relationship with data protection law: key takeaways https://privacymatters.dlapiper.com/2024/04/europe-the-eu-ai-acts-relationship-with-data-protection-law-key-takeaways/

Linklaters: DigiLinks Blog, 21/05/2024: EU – The AI Act reaches the finish line: 10 key points https://www.linklaters.com/en/insights/blogs/digilinks/2024/may/eu---the-ai-act-reaches-the-finish-line---10-key-points

NPJ Digital Medicine: No 7, 22/05/2024: The EU passes the AI Act and its implications for digital medicine are unclear https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01116-6

White&Case: Insights, 16/07/2024: AI Watch: Global regulatory tracker - European Union https://www.whitecase.com/insight-our-thinking/ai-watch-global-regulatory-tracker-european-union

Robert Schuman Foundation: European Issues No 757, 16/07/2024: What to take away from the European law on artificial intelligence https://www.robert-schuman.eu/en/european-issues/757-what-to-take-away-from-the-european-law-on-artificial-intelligence

Centre for European Reform (CER): Insights, 25/07/2024: In the UK's plans for AI, Brussels still looms large https://www.cer.eu/insights/uks-plans-ai-brussels-still-looms-large

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