Linking credit systems and qualifications frameworks: An international comparative analysis

Credit systems and qualifications frameworks are pivotal to modernisation of VET and qualifications systems. This study from the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Education (CEDEFOP) reviews the development of those tools in the context of the Copenhagen and the Bologna processes (ECVET, ECTS, EQF-LLL, EHEA-QF) and across a sample of European and non-European countries (Australia, Finland, France, Germany, Scotland, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, the UK-EWNI (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) and the UK-Scotland.