Referendums on the European Union

Referendums have been held in both candidate states and Member States on EU membership.

EU Treaty amendments, EU enlargement, Economic and Monetary Union, new treaties or new constitutional arrangements have also attracted referendums in some Member States. These may be binding, advisory or consultative.

This Note charts referendums held since 1972 on EU matters in candidate and Member States, and also in Switzerland on its relations with the EU, with brief details on turnout and results.

It also outlines the positions of France and Austria on holding a referendum on EU enlargement, particularly with regard to a possible Turkish accession.